kisah cinta ku

pertama kami berjumpa disaat hari maulid nabi, entah kenapa salh satu temen aq memanggil seorang gadis berparas cantik, waktu itu semula aq gak tau siapa namanya, n entah kenapa munkin karna udah takdir kami dipertemukan melalui cara yang tidak diduga, waktu itu dia perkenalkan dirinya sendiri ke aq melalui sms, semula aq tak tau siapa dia, seiring berjalannya waktu kami sering komunikasi lewat hp, hingga benih-benih cinta itu tumbuh, dan rasa penasaran untuk mencari tau siapa dia menggejolak didalam jiwa, pertama melihatnya aq terpesona dan kuakui waktu itu aq grogi, entah kenapa seiring berjalannya waktu aq berinisiatif memanggil dia dengan sebutan sayang, dan ternyata dia menerimanya, sejak saat itu kami menjalin hts slama 3 bulan, tepatnya dibulan september 2009 ditanggal 21 mlem tgl22 aq menjadi kekasih hatinya, sampai sekarang dan untuk selamanya walaupun kini dia lebih dulu kejenjang sekolah yg lebih tinggi, walaupun begitu aq tetap akan tetap setia padanya, dan begitu juga dengan dia yang bakalan tetap setia dan jaga kepercayaan yang udah aq kasih ke dia, kekasih hatiku meza yeni aprianti, ini adalah 1 tahun stelah kami jadian lambat laun dia mulai berubah dengan sikapnya yg slalu ngebuat aq nggx ada artinya buat dia, tpi aq ttp sbar ngadepin sikapnya itu, walau rasa benci dan amarah slalu ada, tapi aq ttp sbar karna aq nggx mau buat dia jauh dari aq, karna aq sayang dan cinta bnget ama dia, munkin sbntr lgi hubungan kami bkaln berakhir, sblm itu tjdi aq bkaln ceritain cerita sdih,bhgia,senang serta kekecewaan aq disini wktu kami masih jadian, di blog yg sderhana ini, aq berharap knangan kami berdua akan slalu abadi, dan dia bisa slalu inget knangan aq bersma dia, pada tanggal 02 des 2009, itu adalah hri dimana aq ultah, wktu itu aq bilang ama dia buat wujudtin stu harapan yg aq ingin dia lakuin buat aq, dia setuju buat ngelakuin itu, pada pgi hrinya tgl 02 des, aq nunggu dia ditempat tangga di sklh aq, dan aq ngelakuin sesuatu harapn yg aq pinta dari dia, dan saat itu jg aq nerima stu hadiah atau kado pertama dlm hidup aq, yaitu kado pemberian dia, jjr saat itu aq bhgia bnget dia ,au kasih hadiah itu buat aq, yg membuat aq smkin sayang ama dia, munkin cz cinta yg ada pda diri aq smkin bsr, smkin hri aq slalu mnta dia ngelakuin hal yg nggx pntas dilakuin ama dia, dan ada stu hal lgi aq ngelakuin stu hal yg nggx pntas ama dia, tpi aq bner2 berjanji dgn tulus aq nggx bkln pernh ninggalin dia, itu adalah saat terakhir aq ngelakuin hal yg nggx pntes itu, dibulan febuari aq ngajakin dia buat jlan ama aq tpi dia nolak, aq tau knpa dia nolak ajakn aq karna dulu wktu dia ngajak aq jlan aq slalu nggx bsa, sbnernya aq bkn nggx bsa ngajkin dia jlan, tpi pda saat itu aq gi nggx ada mtor, n mtor aq cma stu bwt dipakai ayh aq aja, tepatnya dibulan maret 2010 dia un, dan pada wktu dia peraktek, aq mngalami kcelakaan, dan dia dteng bwt jenguk aq, aq smkin sayang n cinta bnget ama dia, stelah aq masuk sklh tepatnya bln maret, aq pertama ngelakuin foto ber2 ama dia, dan foto itu lucu cz kami sma2 masih grogi, stelah itu dia berultah pada tanggal 26 april, dan jjr wktu itu aq kliling pasar bwt cari kado yg bgus buat diadan a slalu kerja dibengkel buat nmbhin beliin kado buat dia yg bikin dia senang, aq kasih dia hadiah sbuah boneka, n stu kalung yg bermkna munkin bwt aq, jk dia slalu jga hdiah2 aq itu, aq jnji bwt dia slamanya bkln slalu ada buat dia, n nggx akn pernh ninggalin dia, stelah itu munkin kado terindah buat dia saat itu bknlah kado aq itu, tpi yaitu sbuah klulusan dia di skolah, munkin itu adalah awal dia sdikit brubh ama aq, ktika kami udh jauh, wktu ultah dia aq nanya ama dia ada nggx harapan yg ingin aq wujudtin bwt dia, dan dia bilang nggx ada, aq ngerasa malu ama dia smntara aq mnta hal yg nggx pntas ama dia, n dia nggx mnta apa2 dri aq, o,y wktu perpisahn kmarin dia tmpil cntik bnget, n kami wktu itu sempat foto ber2, tpi cz aq grogi jdinya fotonya nggx bgus, dan pertama aq dteng kehumznya yaitu wktu mlem tkbiran lbaran haji, bersma temen2 aq, dan stelah pengumuman klulusan kami jarang ktemu lgi, n aq slalu kesepian n aq smkin sayang n slalu kngen ama dia, seiring berjalan nya wktu, spertinya dia mulai nggx sayang n cinta lgi am aq, cz sifata q yg lebay, dia skarang smkin jarang pnggil aq dgn sbutan sayang, n jjr aq smkin mnyesal skarang ktika aq ngelakuin hal yg nggx2 ama seorang yg paling aq cinta, munkin ini karma buat aq, dan ini adalah satu tahun stengah kami udh jdian, aq pnya crita yg cukp bwt aq sdih wktu itu hari ke2 dia masa ospek di sklh dan aq wktu itu jnji bwt jemput dia di dpn kampusnya, munkin udah cuaca kali nya jdi wktu itu hari hujan dan aq tepatin jnji aq bwt jemput dia pulang kmpus, dan aq memang lama wktu itu jemput dia karna wktu itu aq msih dibengkel, jd aq ttp bengkel dulu, dan lalu aq jemput dia tapi wktu itu ditengah jalan hujn karna aq takut terlmbat jdinya aq naik motornya dalam keadaan hjn2, dan aq nunggu ditempt yang jg aq kira tmpat kampusnya dia stkip, tpi aq slah ternyata itu adalah rumah skit siti aisyah, dan dalam keadaan tubuh aq yg basah aq pakai jas hujn aq, dan ditengah jln aq nanya seseorg dmana kmpus stkip dan lalu aq bsa jemput dia di dpn kampus, dalam keadaan yang kedinginan cz aq dlm keadaan basah, aq bawa mtor tpi jjr wktu itu aq kdinginan bnget smpai2 mtor yg aq bawa goyang2, tpi aq ttp tahanin aja bwt org yg aq sayang nih, sampai dirumhnya aq mnum teh panas agr bsa nggx dingin lgi walaupn bju aq dlm keadaan bsah, di humznya dia mnta bntuan aq, untuk bwt perlengkapan ospeknya, tpi smua yg aq bwt itu ternyata slah, jjr wktu itu aq nggx enx bnget cz ngerasa sbg cowx yg nggx bsa bntun apa2 bwt pcarnya, dan mlm itu jg pertama kalinya aq nyobain masakn dia walaupn cma mi instant tpi aq bhgia, dan msakn nya cukp enx tpi mg bsa lbih enx lgi, pas mlm itu jg aq permisi plng tpt nya jam 20:30, karna aq nggx enx ama klg nya cz udh terlalu mlm, dan wlaupun dlm keadaan kdinginan mnuju humz, aq berhrp apa yg aq lakuin bwt dia bsa bwt dia bhgia mlm nih, tpi ternyata itu smua slah dia nggx bhgia dan dia malah mjd mrah, karna aq nggx bsa bntuin dia, jjr wktu itu aq sdih dan kecewa bnget karna aq ngerasa yang aq lakuin bwt dia, dlm keadaan aq yg kdinginan cma bwt dia bhgia mlah nggx dia hargain, tpi jjr apapun yang dia lakuin dulu, aq slalu yakin bhwa dia cma ngerasa emosi sesaat aja, wlaupn dia ngelakuinnya dlm keadaan sadar, smpai kpanpun aq slalu sayang dan cinta ama dia dan aq bkaln tpatin jnji yang dulu pernah aq ucapin ama dia.
ini tepatnya lanjutan kisah aq yg kemarin dibulan febuari munkin ini badai dan cobaan yang paling berat dalam kish cinta kami wktu itu kmi puts, alasannya karna wktu itu dia cuek bnget ama aq smpai-smpai blng sayang slama 4 bln nggx prnh lgi, dan jjr saat bln febuari kmarin aq jln ama adix kls aq, dan sekarang dia menjadi adix spupu aq, dia yang ngehibur aq dan nyemangati aq, ktika aq terpuruk, malam itu di bulan febuari 2011 stelah kmi putus slama 2 minggu, rasa cinta itu datang kembali dia (meza) udh mulai peduli ama aq, yang ngebuat rasa skit nih, lama kelamaan hilang, dan yang ngebuat aq bilang ama meza bhwa aq msih sayang dan cinta ama dia, dan meza nerima sayang dan cinta aq lagi, dan ktika kami udh blikan lgi, maka saat itu aq bilang ama adix spupu aq, untuk nggx ganggu aq lgi krna wktu itu aq jg mau ujian nasional, ktika aq lulus aq datang kehumz meza saat itu bln april, aq bilang ama dia bhwa ntr rencananya aq mau msuk akper, dan stkip, makanya karna aq ingin dkt ama dia dan krna aqngerasa pendidikan disana (stkip) cukp baik dan aq bsa krja juga bntuin ayh makanya saat itu aq msuk ke stkip, di stkip ada cerita unik dan lucu dan munkin sedih ktika pndftaran, wktu itu aq datang ama meza bwt dftr ulang di stkip, tptnya wktu itu bln agustus, ktika udh smpai di stkip meza mlah ninggalin aq ndiri dia lbih milih dkt ama temennnya, padahal saat itu jjr aq nggx ada temen di kmpus bru aq itu, aq bingung ini formulir mau ditaruh dimana, skitr 1 jam keliling akhirnya aq ktmu temn aq, dia yang nemenin aq dan nunjukin jalan ke aq dimana buat dftr ulang, smntara meza nggx ada saat aq buth bnget ama dia saat pndftaran itu, udh beberapa bln berlalu wktu itu bulan september tepatnya di hari raya idul fitri, aq datang kerumah meza wktu itu lebaran hari ke dua, karna lebaran hari pertama aq lgi ada acara keluarga dan kehumz tetangga dkt humz, aq datang kehumz meza dan kami ngobrol-ngobrol bntr dan akhirnya kami jalan, bln berikutnya yaitu di bln november, tepatnya pada hari raya idul adha, aq jg datang kehumznya, dan kali ini aq dan dia jalan kehumz temen-temennya, yang smuanya wanita, walaupn malu aq ttp temenin dia cz aq sayang ama dia, bbrp hri yang lalu tepatnya di bulan november 2011, adix spupu aq, lgi sdih cz kakaknya meninggal, aq hibur dia aq ajak dia jaln wktu itu, dan dia blng dia mau nikh ntr, aq nggx tau saat itu meza ngeliht aq, dia marah ama aq dan bilang aq pembohong, dan dgn kata-kata yang jjr nggx enx jk di denger, aq kcewa ama dia, cz saat itu aq cma jalan bwt ngehibur adix spupu aq, yang dulu dia prnh ngehibur aq disaat aq terpuruk, aq cma ngeblz kebaikan dia ke aq dulu, saat itu meza marah bnget, wajar dia marah cz aq yg slah nggx prnh blng ama dia, dan aq jg bohong saat dia nanya kpan trkhir jalkan, aq bohong cz aq nggx ingin dia skit, makanya aq blng aq terhir jln bln febuari kmarin, padahl aq jln ama adix spupu aq dua minggu yang lalu, aq tau aq yang slah makanya aq mnta maaf bnget ama meza, dibulan desember 2011 tepatnya tanggal 02 desember 2011, itu adalah hari ultah aq, dan pada wktu pergntian jam, aq sngaja nunggu sms dari meza, tapi dia nggx sms aq tunggu slama 2 jam lbih, tpi nggx ada jg, ktika pgi harinya dia bru ucapin tapi dengan kata yang sderhana bnget, dan bhkn lbih rendah kata-kata itu dri yg di ucapin dia ke temennya, makanya wktu itu aq kcewa bnget ama dia, apa cz kslhn aq yg bohong ama dia cz aq jln ama adix spupu aq, dan aq nggx trus terang atau ada hal lain yang ngebuat dia gtu, jjr saat itu aq bner-bner kcewa, bbrp hari berlalu aq mnta sesuatu ama dia yaitu sbg tnda sayang dia ke aq, munkin saat ini dia benci ama aq cz aq mnta ssuatu yang munkin ssh bwt dia lakuin, tpi jjr itu adalh permintaan semata dan aq nggx kn lakuin itu, sbuah kata dari meza jk dia mau, itu udh bwt aq bhgia, cz aq tau suatu saat aq akn milikin dia selamanya, aq sayang ama meza dan sngat cinta ama meza, nggxkn ada yang gantiin meza di hti aq, walaupn aq sring marah tpi jjr aq sayang dan cinta ama meza dan aq hanya ingin meza hargain aq sebagai pacar meza, i love you sayang, you anggel for my live, and you forever in my heart. semuanya jalan begitu kacau beberapa bln nih karna masalah kcil soal kata2 ultah aja bilang iya dia susah, jadi aq tau meza anggp aq cuma teman dan sekarang kami sudah putus tepatnya tgl 27 april 2012, karna munkin dia dan juga sama2 bosan, dan aq mau dia bisa bebas dri aq dan smg dia bhgia selalu, ini crita terakhir ttg cinta kami dalam keadaan suka senang dan duka,sekarang aq fokus ke kerja aq bntu ayh aq di bengkel dan dia meza fokus untu kuliah dan kerja,cerita cinta ini akan selalu kami kenang, semoga kami bhgia selalu dan smg kami bsa bertemu lgi, dan akn lnjutin kish ini lagi, karna sekarang kami masih remaja smg saat dewasa kami akn bsa lbih jauh lgi melangkah, dansatu hal yg aq pljari saat bersama dia meza, cinta adalah ketika kita hadir disaat dia buth, dan cinta selalu setia tanpa ada rasa cemburu, dan cinta terkadang bhgia dan terkadang sedih, dan sbg cowx hrus bijksana dan jgn cengeng, sayangi klg pcar kita agr qt bsa diterima dikeluaga dia, dan satu hal yang paling penting cinta tuh susah ditebak terkadang benci terkadang sayang, dan juga jika kamu melakukan hal yang terbaik dan memperlakukan pacar kamu dengan baik, maka kamu juga akn dapat yang terbaik dari pacar kamu, jgn malu dan gengsi untuk minta maaf jika kamu benar salah, jgn gunain ego, duduk tenang dan terima kenyataan maklumi keadaan, dan berfikirlah positif, dekatkan diri dengan tuhan maka kamu akn tenang, dan juga jika kita msih sayang n cinta ama pacar kita jgn pernh bilang putus, karna itu akn bwt kalian sedih dan menyesal, thanks nya udh baca n smg kita bisa ambil manfaat dari kisah fadli dan meza ini.
19 april 2013 tepatnya hari jumat, tepatnya seminggu sebelum dia ultah yang ke 20, udah lama sejak beberapa kali konflik yang terjadi dalam hubungan kami, kini kami udah mau melangkah kehubungan yang lebih dewasa dan serius lagi, aq udh berjanji bwt dampingin dia sampai akhir hayat kami ntar, janji itu selalu jadi kekuatan bwt aq selama ini bwt slalu brthn bwt dia.

Galau maret 2014
bingung aq sayang ama dia, tpi jk dia nggx sayang dan cinta lagi ama aku, aku nggxkn bsa mksain cz itu sama aja aq  bwt dia terkekang ama ku, aq ingin dia bahagia, jjr saat ini aq sdih dan hidup aku hampa.

10 April 2014
ini tulisan aq yang trakhir di blog sederhana aku ini, aq nggx bsa tulis apa2 lagi, dia ttp yg trindh, aq nggx bsa bohong, klau aq sayang bnget ama dia, jk dia ingin aq prgi dan lupain dia akn aku lakuin walau itu nggx mungkin, aq bkln jauh dri dia slamanya smpai dia sadar ada org disini yg sllu sayang n pduli ama dia yg sllu ada d stiap hri2 ya, hti aq hncur saat ini, aq udh lkuin yg trbaik yg bsa aku lkuin, aq bkln brubh jd yg kmu mau jk kmu support aku, tp knp kmu tingglin aku saat aq buth kmu. trkadang pnyesalan akn dtang d kmudian hri, jjr aq mnyesal knp aq mncintai org yg nggx prnh ngerasain cinta yg udh aku brikn bwt dia.

cba kmu bayangin saat orang yg kmu sayang nggx serius jalanin hubungannya ama kmu, smntara kmu brfikir dia srius k kmu, kmu dtang krumah ya, knal ama klg, temen2 ya, dan tetangga ya, kmu bersikp baik ama mreka, sbg bukti bhwa kmu bner serius ama dia, tpi yg kmu dpet di akhir adalah kata, " aq pingin dteng krumah dan knal ama ortu kmu klau aq udh jalanin hubungan ini serius ama kmu" jdi hubungan 6 tahun lbih ygudh dijalanin slama ini apa? dan cb rasain apa yg aq rasain jk itu kmu.

Helping and Modal Auxiliary Verbs

Helping verbs or auxiliary verbs such as will, shall, may, might, can, could, must, ought to, should, would, used to, need are used in conjunction with main verbs to express shades of time and mood. The combination of helping verbs with main verbs creates what are called verb phrases or verb strings. In the following sentence, "will have been" are helping or auxiliary verbs and "studying" is the main verb; the whole verb string is underlined:

• As of next August, I will have been studying chemistry for ten years.

Students should remember that adverbs and contracted forms are not, technically, part of the verb. In the sentence, "He has already started." the adverb already modifies the verb, but it is not really part of the verb. The same is true of the 'nt in "He hasn't started yet" (the adverb not, represented by the contracted n't, is not part of the verb, has started).
Shall, will and forms of have, do and be combine with main verbs to indicate time and voice. As auxiliaries, the verbs be, have and do can change form to indicate changes in subject and time.

• I shall go now.
• He had won the election.
• They did write that novel together.
• I am going now.
• He was winning the election.
• They have been writing that novel for a long time.

Uses of Shall and Will and Should In England, shall is used to express the simple future for first person I and we, as in "Shall we meet by the river?" Will would be used in the simple future for all other persons. Using will in the first person would express determination on the part of the speaker, as in "We will finish this project by tonight, by golly!" Using shall in second and third persons would indicate some kind of promise about the subject, as in "This shall be revealed to you in good time." This usage is certainly acceptable in the U.S., although shall is used far less frequently. The distinction between the two is often obscured by the contraction 'll, which is the same for both verbs. In the United States, we seldom use shall for anything other than polite questions (suggesting an element of permission) in the first-person: "Shall we go now?" "Shall I call a doctor for you?" (In the second sentence, many writers would use should instead, although should is somewhat more tentative than shall.) In the U.S., to express the future tense, the verb will is used in all other cases. Shall is often used in formal situations (legal or legalistic documents, minutes to meetings, etc.) to express obligation, even with third-person and second-person constructions: The board of directors shall be responsible for payment to stockholders. The college president shall report financial shortfalls to the executive director each semester." Should is usually replaced, nowadays, by would. It is still used, however, to mean "ought to" as in You really shouldn't do that. If you think that was amazing, you should have seen it last night. In British English and very formal American English, one is apt to hear or read should with the first-person pronouns in expressions of liking such as "I should prefer iced tea" and in tentative expressions of opinion such as I should imagine they'll vote Conservative. I should have thought so. (The New Fowler's Modern English Usage edited by R.W. Burchfield. Clarendon Press: Oxford, England. 1996. Used with the permission of Oxford University Press. Examples our own.)

Uses of Do, Does and Did In the simple present tense, do will function as an auxiliary to express the negative and to ask questions. (Does, however, is substituted for third-person, singular subjects in the present tense. The past tense did works with all persons, singular and plural.) I don't study at night. She doesn't work here anymore. Do you attend this school? Does he work here? These verbs also work as "short answers," with the main verb omitted. Does she work here? No, she doesn't work here. With "yes-no" questions, the form of do goes in front of the subject and the main verb comes after the subject: Did your grandmother know Truman? Do wildflowers grow in your back yard? Forms of do are useful in expressing similarity and differences in conjunction with so and neither. My wife hates spinach and so does my son. My wife doesn't like spinach; neither do I. Do is also helpful because it means you don't have to repeat the verb: Larry excelled in language studies; so did his brother. Raoul studies as hard as his sister does. The so-called emphatic do has many uses in English. To add emphasis to an entire sentence: "He does like spinach. He really does!" To add emphasis to an imperative: "Do come in." (actually softens the command) To add emphasis to a frequency adverb: "He never did understand his father." "She always does manage to hurt her mother's feelings." To contradict a negative statement: "You didn't do your homework, did you?" "Oh, but I did finish it." To ask a clarifying question about a previous negative statement: "Ridwell didn't take the tools." "Then who did take the tools?" To indicate a strong concession: "Although the Clintons denied any wrong-doing, they did return some of the gifts." In the absence of other modal auxiliaries, a form of do is used in question and negative constructions known as the get passive: Did Rinaldo get selected by the committee? The audience didn't get riled up by the politician. Based on descriptions in Grammar Dimensions: Form, Meaning, and Use 2nd Ed. by Jan Frodesen and Janet Eyring. Heinle & Heinle: Boston. 1997. Examples our own.

Uses of Have, Has and Had Forms of the verb to have are used to create tenses known as the present perfect and past perfect. The perfect tenses indicate that something has happened in the past; the present perfect indicating that something happened and might be continuing to happen, the past perfect indicating that something happened prior to something else happening. (That sounds worse than it really is!) See the section on Verb Tenses in the Active Voice for further explanation; also review material in the Directory of English Tenses. To have is also in combination with other modal verbs to express probability and possibility in the past. As an affirmative statement, to have can express how certain you are that something happened (when combined with an appropriate modal + have + a past participle): "Georgia must have left already." "Clinton might have known about the gifts." "They may have voted already." As a negative statement, a modal is combined with not + have + a past participle to express how certain you are that something did not happen: "Clinton might not have known about the gifts." "I may not have been there at the time of the crime." To ask about possibility or probability in the past, a modal is combined with the subject + have + past participle: "Could Clinton have known about the gifts?" For short answers, a modal is combined with have: "Did Clinton know about this?" "I don't know. He may have." "The evidence is pretty positive. He must have." To have (sometimes combined with to get) is used to express a logical inference: It's been raining all week; the basement has to be flooded by now. He hit his head on the doorway. He has got to be over seven feet tall! Have is often combined with an infinitive to form an auxiliary whose meaning is similar to "must." I have to have a car like that! She has to pay her own tuition at college. He has to have been the first student to try that. Based on the analysis in Grammar Dimensions: Form, Meaning, and Use 2nd Ed. by Jan Frodesen and Janet Eyring. Heinle & Heinle: Boston. 1997. Examples our own.

Modal Auxiliaries

Other helping verbs, called modal auxiliaries or modals, such as can, could, may, might, must, ought to, shall, should, will, and would, do not change form for different subjects. For instance, try substituting any of these modal auxiliaries for can with any of the subjects listed below.

I you (singular) he we you (plural) they	can write well.

There is also a separate section on the Modal Auxiliaries, which divides these verbs into their various meanings of necessity, advice, ability, expectation, permission, possibility, etc., and provides sample sentences in various tenses. See the section on Conditional Verb Forms for help with the modal auxiliary would. The shades of meaning among modal auxiliaries are multifarious and complex. Most English-as-a-Second-Language textbooks will contain at least one chapter on their usage. For more advanced students, A University Grammar of English, by Randolph Quirk and Sidney Greenbaum, contains an excellent, extensive analysis of modal auxiliaries.

The analysis of Modal Auxiliaries is based on a similar analysis in The Scott, Foresman Handbook for Writers by Maxine Hairston and John J. Ruszkiewicz. 4th ed. HarperCollins: New York. 1996. The description of helping verbs on this page is based on The Little, Brown Handbook by H. Ramsay Fowler and Jane E. Aaron, & Kay Limburg. 6th ed. HarperCollins: New York. 1995. By permission of Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers Inc. Examples in all cases are our own.

Uses of Can and Could The modal auxiliary can is used to express ability (in the sense of being able to do something or knowing how to do something): He can speak Spanish but he can't write it very well. to expression permission (in the sense of being allowed or permitted to do something): Can I talk to my friends in the library waiting room? (Note that can is less formal than may. Also, some writers will object to the use of can in this context.) to express theoretical possibility: American automobile makers can make better cars if they think there's a profit in it. The modal auxiliary could is used to express an ability in the past: I could always beat you at tennis when we were kids. to express past or future permission: Could I bury my cat in your back yard? to express present possibility: We could always spend the afternoon just sitting around talking. to express possibility or ability in contingent circumstances: If he studied harder, he could pass this course. In expressing ability, can and could frequently also imply willingness: Can you help me with my homework?

Can versus May Whether the auxiliary verb can can be used to express permission or not — "Can I leave the room now?" ["I don't know if you can, but you may."] — depends on the level of formality of your text or situation. As Theodore Bernstein puts it in The Careful Writer, "a writer who is attentive to the proprieties will preserve the traditional distinction: can for ability or power to do something, may for permission to do it. The question is at what level can you safely ignore the "proprieties." Merriam-Webster's Dictionary, tenth edition, says the battle is over and can can be used in virtually any situation to express or ask for permission. Most authorities, however, recommend a stricter adherence to the distinction, at least in formal situations. Authority: The Careful Writer by Theodore Bernstein. The Free Press: New York. 1998. p. 87.

Uses of May and Might Two of the more troublesome modal auxiliaries are may and might. When used in the context of granting or seeking permission, might is the past tense of may. Might is considerably more tentative than may. May I leave class early? If I've finished all my work and I'm really quiet, might I leave early? In the context of expressing possibility, may and might are interchangeable present and future forms and might + have + past participle is the past form: She might be my advisor next semester. She may be my advisor next semester. She might have advised me not to take biology. Avoid confusing the sense of possibility in may with the implication of might, that a hypothetical situation has not in fact occurred. For instance, let's say there's been a helicopter crash at the airport. In his initial report, before all the facts are gathered, a newscaster could say that the pilot "may have been injured." After we discover that the pilot is in fact all right, the newscaster can now say that the pilot "might have been injured" because it is a hypothetical situation that has not occurred. Another example: a body had been identified after much work by a detective. It was reported that "without this painstaking work, the body may have remained unidentified." Since the body was, in fact, identified, might is clearly called for.

Uses of Will and Would In certain contexts, will and would are virtually interchangeable, but there are differences. Notice that the contracted form 'll is very frequently used for will. Will can be used to express willingness: I'll wash the dishes if you dry. We're going to the movies. Will you join us? It can also express intention (especially in the first person): I'll do my exercises later on. and prediction: specific: The meeting will be over soon. timeless: Humidity will ruin my hairdo. habitual: The river will overflow its banks every spring. Would can also be used to express willingness: Would you please take off your hat? It can also express insistence (rather rare, and with a strong stress on the word "would"): Now you've ruined everything. You would act that way. and characteristic activity: customary: After work, he would walk to his home in West Hartford. typical (casual): She would cause the whole family to be late, every time. In a main clause, would can express a hypothetical meaning: My cocker spaniel would weigh a ton if I let her eat what she wants. Finally, would can express a sense of probability: I hear a whistle. That would be the five o'clock train.

Uses of Used to The auxiliary verb construction used to is used to express an action that took place in the past, perhaps customarily, but now that action no longer customarily takes place: We used to take long vacation trips with the whole family. The spelling of this verb is a problem for some people because the "-ed" ending quite naturally disappears in speaking: "We yoostoo take long trips." But it ought not to disappear in writing. There are exceptions, though. When the auxiliary is combined with another auxiliary, did, the past tense is carried by the new auxiliary and the "-ed" ending is dropped. This will often happen in the interrogative: Didn't you use to go jogging every morning before breakfast? It didn't use to be that way. Used to can also be used to convey the sense of being accustomed to or familiar with something: The tire factory down the road really stinks, but we're used to it by now. I like these old sneakers; I'm used to them. Used to is best reserved for colloquial usage; it has no place in formal or academic text.

Modal Auxiliaries

Authority: A University Grammar of English by Randolph Quirk and Sidney Greenbaum. Longman Group: Essex, England. 1993. Used with permission. (examples our own)

Example Essay : Compare or contrast the way to study English at high school and at the college

Many student which feel difficulty to accomodate the way of learning in college, they use strategy learn they which have use by succeeding in high school, but they are disappointed because in college its result dont as good as when them in high school. many student drop out to learn in first year because difficulty comprehend Iesson. The way of learning in college is very different from the way of learning in high school. 
in high school usually student have character of more passive, whereas teacher more active. more student personate receiver of science, whereas teacher considered to be giver of science. In the  college student  must search science alone, whereas lecturer only as fasilisator to help student to get target of study. We as a student must change the way learn which passive become active.

In high school teacher usually check student duty, what they are work duty which given or not, but in the college lecture often not check duty which given because they are think the students have adult and they are want to success, the students who learn in the college must more self.

In high school the students must to attend every lesson. But in the college, the students not must to attend every lesson. Many lecture in the college who don’t absent students, the important for they are just what the students have standard of kompetensi which given or not. The students who attend and participating in class regularly will get result higher than they are who seldom enter.

The conclusion college is new experience which claim you to use new way from first date to be success in the college. Don’t study in the college with use technique learn in high school, but we must search the new way to study in the college. We can be student active and always attend and participating in class and also we must more self.

resep membuat kue ultah

Cara Membuat Kue Ulang Tahun Sederhana, Anak, Kukus, dan Coklat - Senang rasanya bisa berbagi kepada pengunjung setia Step of Dream. baik dalam kesempatan ini saya akan mensharing cara membuat kue ultah yang sederhana untu anak, kue ultah kukus dan kue ultah rasa coklat (pasti enak). namun, dalam pembahasan kali ini saya hanya akan membahas yang pertama saja. OK, lansung saja :

1. Kue Ulang Tahun Sederhana :

bahan yang harus dipersiapkan :

• 100 gr tepung terigu
• 1 sdm sponge-28
• 8 butir telur
• 60 gr cokelat bubuk
• 40 gr tepung maizena
• 100 gr mentega (lelehkan)
• 200 gr gula pasir
• 1/4 sdt vanili ( jika suka )
• 500 gr whipped cream (kocok kaku)
• 10 buah strawberry segar
• 100 gr dark cooking cokelat
• 1 kaleng buah cherry atau strawberry

Cara Membuat Kue Ulang Tahun:

• Campur dan aduk rata, terigu, cokelat bubuk dan maizena
• Di tempat terpisah, kocok telur, gula dan sponge-28 hingga mengembang
• Masukkan campuran tepung sambil diayak
• Aduk hingga tercampur rata
• Masukkan mentega. Aduk rata
• Masukkan dalam loyang bulan 20cm
• Panggang hingga matang. Dinginkan
• Potong melintang menjadi 3 bagian
• Basahi dengan air cherry
• Oleskan whipped cream pada satu lapisan, lalu letakkan buah cherry, lakukan juga untuk lapisan kedua
• Letakkan lapisan ketiga
• Balut dengan olesan whipped cream tipis saja,
• Hias dengan dark cooking cokelat di selutuh sisinya.dan letakkan buah strawbery atau cherry sesuai selera sebagai garnishnya.

Dikutip dari : Resepmasakansederhana .com,

Aku Menangis untuk Adikku 6 Kali

Aku Menangis untuk Adikku 6 Kali

Aku dilahirkan di sebuah dusun pegunungan yang sangat terpencil. Hari
demi hari, orang tuaku membajak tanah kering kuning, dan punggung
mereka
menghadap ke langit. Aku mempunyai seorang adik, tiga tahun lebih muda
dariku.

Suatu ketika, untuk membeli sebuah sapu tangan yang mana semua gadis
di
sekelilingku kelihatannya membawanya, Aku mencuri lima puluh sen dari
laci ayahku. Ayah segera menyadarinya. Beliau membuat adikku dan aku
berlutut di depan tembok, dengan sebuah tongkat bambu di tangannya.
"Siapa yang mencuri uang itu?"
Beliau bertanya. Aku terpaku, terlalu takut untuk berbicara. Ayah
tidak
mendengar siapa pun mengaku, jadi Beliau mengatakan, "Baiklah,
kalau
begitu, kalian berdua layak dipukul!"
Dia mengangkat tongkat bambu itu tingi-tinggi.
Tiba-tiba, adikku mencengkeram tangannya dan berkata, "Ayah, aku
yang
melakukannya!"

Tongkat panjang itu menghantam punggung adikku bertubi-tubi. Ayah
begitu
marahnya sehingga ia terus menerus mencambukinya sampai Beliau
kehabisan
nafas. Sesudahnya, Beliau duduk di atas ranjang batu bata kami dan
memarahi, "Kamu sudah belajar mencuri dari rumah sekarang, hal
memalukan
apa lagi yang akan kamu lakukan di masa mendatang? ... Kamu layak
dipukul sampai mati! Kamu pencuri tidak tahu malu!"

Malam itu, ibu dan aku memeluk adikku dalam pelukan kami. Tubuhnya
penuh
dengan luka, tetapi ia tidak menitikkan air mata setetes pun.
Di pertengahan malam itu, saya tiba-tiba mulai menangis meraung-raung.
Adikku menutup mulutku dengan tangan kecilnya dan berkata, "Kak,
jangan
menangis lagi sekarang. Semuanya sudah terjadi."

Aku masih selalu membenci diriku karena tidak memiliki cukup
keberanian
untuk maju mengaku.
Bertahun-tahun telah lewat, tapi insiden tersebut masih kelihatan
seperti baru kemarin. Aku tidak pernah akan lupa tampang adikku ketika
ia melindungiku. Waktu itu, adikku berusia 8 tahun.
Aku berusia 11.

Ketika adikku berada pada tahun terakhirnya di SMP, ia lulus untuk
masuk
ke SMA di pusat kabupaten. Pada saat yang sama, saya diterima untuk
masuk ke sebuah universitas propinsi.
Malam itu, ayah berjongkok di halaman, menghisap rokok tembakaunya,
bungkus demi bungkus.
Saya mendengarnya memberengut,
"Kedua anak kita memberikan hasil yang begitu baik...hasil yang
begitu
baik..."
Ibu mengusap air matanya yang mengalir dan menghela nafas, "Apa
gunanya?
Bagaimana mungkin kita bisa membiayai keduanya sekaligus?"

Saat itu juga, adikku berjalan keluar ke hadapan ayah dan berkata,
"Ayah, saya tidak mau melanjutkan sekolah lagi, telah cukup
membaca
banyak buku."
Ayah mengayunkan tangannya dan memukul adikku pada wajahnya.
"Mengapa kau mempunyai jiwa yang begitu keparat lemahnya? Bahkan
jika
berarti saya mesti mengemis di jalanan saya akan menyekolahkan kamu
berdua sampai selesai!"
Dan begitu kemudian ia mengetuk setiap rumah di dusun itu untuk
meminjam
uang. Aku menjulurkan tanganku selembut yang aku bisa ke muka adikku
yang membengkak, dan berkata, "Seorang anak laki-laki harus
meneruskan
sekolahnya; kalau tidak ia tidak akan pernah meninggalkan jurang
kemiskinan ini."
Aku, sebaliknya, telah memutuskan untuk tidak lagi meneruskan ke
universitas.

Siapa sangka keesokan harinya, sebelum subuh datang, adikku
meninggalkan
rumah dengan beberapa helai pakaian lusuh dan sedikit kacang yang
sudah
mengering. Dia menyelinap ke samping ranjangku dan meninggalkan
secarik
kertas di atas
bantalku:
"Kak, masuk ke universitas tidaklah mudah. Saya akan pergi
mencari kerja
dan mengirimu uang."

Aku memegang kertas tersebut di atas tempat tidurku, dan menangis
dengan
air mata bercucuran sampai suaraku hilang. Tahun itu, adikku berusia
17
tahun. Aku 20.

Dengan uang yang ayahku pinjam dari seluruh dusun, dan uang yang
adikku
hasilkan dari mengangkut semen pada punggungnya di lokasi konstruksi,
aku akhirnya sampai ke tahun ketiga (di universitas).
Suatu hari, aku sedang belajar di kamarku, ketika teman sekamarku
masuk
dan memberitahukan, "Ada seorang penduduk dusun menunggumu di
luar
sana!"

Mengapa ada seorang penduduk dusun mencariku?
Aku berjalan keluar, dan melihat adikku dari jauh, seluruh badannya
kotor tertutup debu semen dan pasir. Aku menanyakannya, "Mengapa
kamu
tidak bilang pada teman sekamarku kamu adalah adikku?"
Dia menjawab, tersenyum,
"Lihat bagaimana penampilanku. Apa yang akan mereka pikir jika
mereka
tahu saya adalah adikmu?
Apa mereka tidak akan menertawakanmu?"

Aku merasa terenyuh, dan air mata memenuhi mataku. Aku menyapu
debu-debu
dari adikku semuanya, dan tersekat-sekat dalam kata-kataku, "Aku
tidak
perduli omongan siapa pun! Kamu adalah adikku apa pun juga! Kamu
adalah
adikku bagaimana pun penampilanmu..."

Dari sakunya, ia mengeluarkan sebuah jepit rambut berbentuk kupu-kupu.
Ia memakaikannya kepadaku, dan terus menjelaskan, "Saya melihat
semua
gadis kota memakainya. Jadi saya pikir kamu juga harus memiliki
satu."
Aku tidak dapat menahan diri lebih lama lagi.
Aku menarik adikku ke dalam pelukanku dan menangis dan menangis. Tahun
itu, ia berusia 20.
Aku 23.

Kali pertama aku membawa pacarku ke rumah, kaca jendela yang pecah
telah
diganti, dan kelihatan bersih di mana-mana. Setelah pacarku pulang,
aku
menari seperti gadis kecil di depan ibuku.
"Bu, ibu tidak perlu menghabiskan begitu banyak waktu untuk
membersihkan
rumah kita!"
Tetapi katanya, sambil tersenyum,
"Itu adalah adikmu yang pulang awal untuk membersihkan rumah ini.
Tidakkah kamu melihat luka pada tangannya? Ia terluka ketika memasang
kaca jendela baru itu.."

Aku masuk ke dalam ruangan kecil adikku. Melihat mukanya yang kurus,
seratus jarum terasa menusukku. Aku mengoleskan sedikit saleb pada
lukanya dan mebalut lukanya.
"Apakah itu sakit?" Aku menanyakannya.
"Tidak, tidak sakit. Kamu tahu, ketika saya bekerja di lokasi
konstruksi, batu-batu berjatuhan pada kakiku setiap waktu. Bahkan itu
tidak menghentikanku bekerja dan..."
Ditengah kalimat itu ia berhenti. Aku membalikkan tubuhku
memunggunginya, dan air mata mengalir deras turun ke wajahku. Tahun
itu,
adikku 23.
Aku berusia 26.

Ketika aku menikah, aku tinggal di kota.
Banyak kali suamiku dan aku mengundang orang tuaku untuk datang dan
tinggal bersama kami, tetapi mereka tidak pernah mau. Mereka
mengatakan,
sekali meninggalkan dusun, mereka tidak akan tahu harus mengerjakan
apa.
Adikku tidak setuju juga, mengatakan, "Kak, jagalah mertuamu
aja. Saya
akan menjaga ibu dan ayah di sini."

Suamiku menjadi direktur pabriknya.
Kami menginginkan adikku mendapatkan pekerjaan sebagai manajer pada
departemen pemeliharaan.
Tetapi adikku menolak tawaran tersebut.
Ia bersikeras memulai bekerja sebagai pekerja reparasi.

Suatu hari, adikku diatas sebuah tangga untuk memperbaiki sebuah
kabel,
ketika ia mendapat sengatan listrik, dan masuk rumah sakit.
Suamiku dan aku pergi menjenguknya.
Melihat gips putih pada kakinya, saya menggerutu, "Mengapa kamu
menolak
menjadi manajer?
Manajer tidak akan pernah harus melakukan sesuatu yang berbahaya
seperti
ini. Lihat kamu sekarang, luka yang begitu serius. Mengapa kamu tidak
mau mendengar kami sebelumnya?"

Dengan tampang yang serius pada wajahnya, ia membela keputusannya.
"Pikirkan kakak ipar--ia baru saja jadi direktur, dan saya
hampir tidak
berpendidikan. Jika saya menjadi manajer seperti itu, berita seperti
apa
yang akan dikirimkan?"

Mata suamiku dipenuhi air mata, dan kemudian keluar kata-kataku yang
sepatah-sepatah:
"Tapi kamu kurang pendidikan juga karena aku!"

"Mengapa membicarakan masa lalu?"
Adikku menggenggam tanganku. Tahun itu, ia berusia 26 dan aku 29.

Adikku kemudian berusia 30 ketika ia menikahi seorang gadis petani
dari
dusun itu. Dalam acara pernikahannya, pembawa acara perayaan itu
bertanya kepadanya, "Siapa yang paling kamu hormati dan
kasihi?"
Tanpa bahkan berpikir ia menjawab,
"Kakakku."

Ia melanjutkan dengan menceritakan kembali sebuah kisah yang bahkan
tidak dapat kuingat.
"Ketika saya pergi sekolah SD, ia berada pada dusun yang
berbeda. Setiap
hari kakakku dan saya berjalan selama dua jam untuk pergi ke sekolah
dan
pulang ke rumah. Suatu hari, Saya kehilangan satu dari sarung
tanganku.
Kakakku memberikan satu dari kepunyaannya. Ia hanya memakai satu saja
dan berjalan sejauh itu. Ketika kami tiba di rumah, tangannya begitu
gemetaran karena cuaca yang begitu dingin sampai ia tidak dapat
memegang
sumpitnya. Sejak hari itu, saya bersumpah, selama saya masih hidup,
saya
akan menjaga kakakku dan baik kepadanya."

Tepuk tangan membanjiri ruangan itu. Semua tamu memalingkan
perhatiannya
kepadaku.

Kata-kata begitu susah kuucapkan keluar bibirku, "Dalam hidupku,
orang
yang paling aku berterima kasih adalah adikku."
Dan dalam kesempatan yang paling berbahagia ini, di depan kerumunan
perayaan ini, air mata bercucuran turun dari wajahku seperti sungai.


Diterjemahkan dari : "I cried for my brother six times"

conditional sentence

http://www.scribd.com/doc/97995409/Yeni-Fransiska

active voice

http://www.scribd.com/doc/97995374/YAYUK

passive voice

http://www.scribd.com/doc/97994748/The-Final-Semester-Assignmen1

the clause

http://www.scribd.com/doc/97994684/Rama-Sangat-Baru-Sekali

passive voice

http://www.scribd.com/doc/97994628/Novi

independent clause

http://www.scribd.com/doc/97994597/Makalah-Intermediate-Grammar

conditional sentence

http://www.scribd.com/doc/97994543/Intermediate-GrammarTask-Septy

passive voice

http://www.scribd.com/doc/97994491/Intermediate-Grammar

conditional sentence

http://www.scribd.com/doc/97994455/adhairi

active voice

http://www.scribd.com/doc/97994450/Active-Voice-by-Muhammad-Fadli-Siregar

clauses by ramadhan abee

http://www.scribd.com/doc/97994446/Abe-Terbaru-2012#page=1

The English Consonants and vowels

In the study of English, learning the following rules of English pronunciation will allow rapid improvement in your ability to read and spell English words. Please note that English vowels and the consonant r are often pronounced differently in different countries. The pronunciation described here is that of Canadian English. First the consonants and then the vowels are discussed.

The English consonants are: b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, q, r, s, t, v, w, x, y, z.

The English vowels are: a, e, i, o, u. The letter y can also act as a vowel.

The English Consonants

b For example, big. b is usually pronounced like "b" as in Mandarin pinyin "ba".
However, in a few words, for example comb, b is silent.

c For example, cat. c is usually pronounced like "k" as in pinyin "kan".
However, before e, i or y, for example ceiling or city, c is usually pronounced like "s" as in pinyin "san".

ch For example, chair. ch is usually pronounced somewhat like "q" as in pinyin "qin".

ck For example, back. ck is usually pronounced like "k" as in pinyin "kan".

d For example, desk. d is usually pronounced like "d" as in pinyin "da".

dge For example, bridge. dge is usually pronounced like "zh" as in pinyin "zhan".

f For example, fish. f is usually pronounced like "f" as in pinyin "fu".

g For example, go . g is usually pronounced like "g" as in pinyin "gou".
However, before e, i or y, for example ginger, g is often pronounced like "j" as in pinyin "jin".

gh In some words, for example, laugh, gh is pronounced like "f" as in pinyin "fu".
However, in some words, for example, high, gh is silent.

h For example, head . h is usually pronounced somewhat like "h" as in pinyin "hao".
However, in a few words, for example hour, h is silent.

j For example, jade . j is usually pronounced somewhat like "j" as in pinyin "jin".

k For example, kitchen . k is usually pronounced like "k" as in pinyin "kan".

kn For example, knife . kn is often pronounced like "n" as in pinyin "na".

l For example, leaf . l is usually pronounced like "l" as in pinyin "lao".
However, in a few words, for example talk, l is silent.

m For example, moon . m is usually pronounced like "m" as in pinyin "mao".

n For example, now . n is usually pronounced like "n" as in pinyin "na".

ng For example, sing . The pronunciation of ng is usually similar to Mandarin pronunciation. For example, the ing of sing is pronounced like "ing" as in pinyin "bing".

p For example, paper . p is usually pronounced like "p" as in pinyin "ping".

ph For example, phone . ph is usually pronounced like "f" as in pinyin "fu".

qu For example, quiet . qu is usually pronounced like English kw. For example, the qui of quiet is pronounced like pinyin "kuai".

r For example, read . r is usually pronounced somewhat like "r" as in pinyin "ru".

s For example, sun . s is often pronounced like "s" as in pinyin "san".
However, in some words, for example nose, s is pronounced like English z.
In a few words, for example, television, s is pronounced a little like "zh" as in pinyin "zhi"; however, the tongue does not stop the flow of air at the beginning of the sound, as is the case with pinyin "zhi".

sh For example, ship . sh is usually pronounced somewhat like "x" as in pinyin "xiao".

t For example, tea . t is usually pronounced like "t" as in pinyin "tou".

tch For example, kitchen . tch is usually pronounced somewhat like "ch" as in pinyin "cha".

th For example, think . th is usually pronounced a little like "x" as in pinyin "xiao"; however, the tip of the tongue must be placed between the front teeth.
In some words, for example think, th is aspirated (i.e. pronounced with a puff of air).
However, in some words, for example this, th is not aspirated.

tion For example, action . tion is often pronounced like pinyin "shen".

v For example, television . v is pronounced a little like "w" as in pinyin "wei"; however, the lower lip must touch the top front teeth.

w For example, water . w is usually pronounced like "w" as in pinyin "wan".

wh For example, what . wh is usually pronounced like "w" as in pinyin "wan".

wr For example, write . wr is usually pronounced somewhat like "r" as in pinyin "ru".

x For example, box . x is usually pronounced like English ks, where k is pronounced like "k" as in pinyin "kan", and s is pronounced like "s" as in pinyin "san".
However, at the beginning of a word, for example xylophone, x is often pronounced like English z.

y For example, yesterday . y is often pronounced like "y" as in pinyin "ye".
In some words, for example city, y is pronounced like pinyin "yi".
In some words, for example fly, y is pronounced like pinyin "ai".

z For example, zoo . z is pronounced a little like "z" as in pinyin "zi"; however, the tongue does not stop the flow of air at the beginning of the sound, as is the case with pinyin "z".



The English Vowels

a Before two consonants, for example sand, the pronunciation of a is usually similar to Mandarin pronunciation. For example, the san of sand is pronounced like pinyin "san".
Before a single consonant at the end of a word, for example fan, the pronunciation of a is usually similar to Mandarin pronunciation. For example, fan is pronounced like pinyin "fan".

Before a single consonant followed by a vowel, for example fate, a is usually pronounced like "ei" as in pinyin "mei".

Before l, for example all, a is usually pronounced somewhat like pinyin "a".
After qu or w, for example water or squash, a is often pronounced somewhat like pinyin "a".

ai For example, rain. ai is often pronounced like "ei" as in pinyin "mei".

au For example, daughter. au is usually pronounced somewhat like pinyin "a".

aw For example, saw. aw is usually pronounced somewhat like pinyin "a".

ay For example, day. ay is usually pronounced like "ei" as in pinyin "mei".


e Before two consonants, for example desk, e is usually pronounced like "e" as in pinyin "ye".
Before a single consonant at the end of a word, for example bed, e is usually pronounced like "e" as in pinyin "ye".
Before a single consonant followed by a vowel, in some words, for example ever, e is pronounced like "e" as in pinyin "ye".

Before a single consonant followed by a vowel, in some words, for example even, e is pronounced like pinyin "yi".
At the end of very short words, for example be, e is usually pronounced like pinyin "yi".

At the end of a word, for example fate, e is usually silent. However, very short words are an exception, for example be.

ea In some words, for example, bead, ea is pronounced like pinyin "yi".
However, in some words, for example, head, ea is pronounced like "e" as in pinyin "ye".

ee For example, green. ee is usually pronounced like pinyin "yi".

er For example, her. er is usually pronounced somewhat like pinyin "er".

ew For example, new. ew is often pronounced somewhat like "u" as in pinyin "tu".


i Before two consonants, in some words, for example mint, the pronunciation of i is similar to Mandarin pronunciation. For example, the min of mint is pronounced like pinyin "min".
Before a single consonant at the end of a word, for example pin, the pronunciation of i is usually similar to Mandarin pronunciation. For example, pin is pronounced like pinyin "pin".

Before two consonants, in some words, for example wild, i is pronounced like pinyin "ai".
Before a single consonant followed by a vowel, for example like, i is usually pronounced like pinyin "ai".

ie In some words, for example, tie, ie is pronounced like pinyin "ai".
However, in some words, for example, shield, ie is pronounced like pinyin "yi".


o Before two consonants, in some words, for example rock, o is pronounced somewhat like pinyin "a".
Before a single consonant at the end of a word, for example not, o is usually pronounced somewhat like pinyin "a".

Before two consonants, in some words, for example old, o is pronounced like pinyin "ou".
Before a single consonant followed by a vowel, for example note, o is usually pronounced like pinyin "ou".

oa For example, boat. oa is usually pronounced like pinyin "ou".

oe For example, toe. oe is often pronounced like pinyin "ou".

oi For example, coin . The o is pronounced like pinyin "ou", and the i is pronounced like pinyin "yi".

oo In some words, for example, moon, oo is pronounced like "u" as in pinyin "tu".
However, in some words, for example, book, oo is pronounced somewhat like "e" as in pinyin "he".

ou In some words, for example, round, ou is pronounced like pinyin "ao".
However, ou also has several other pronunciations. In some words, for example "thought", ou is pronounced somewhat like pinyin "a".
In some words, for example "although", ou is pronounced like pinyin "ou".
In some words, for example "through", ou is pronounced like "u" as in pinyin "tu".
In some words, for example "should", ou is pronounced somewhat like "e" as in pinyin "he".
In some words, for example "enough", ou is pronounced somewhat like "o" as in pinyin "wo", but with the mouth opened a little wider.


ow In some words, for example, now, ow is pronounced like pinyin "ao".
However, in some words, for example, pillow, ow is pronounced like pinyin "ou".

oy For example, boy . The o is pronounced like pinyin "ou", and the y is pronounced like pinyin "yi".


u Before two consonants, in some words, for example pull, u is pronounced somewhat like "e" as in pinyin "he".
Before a single consonant at the end of a word, in some words, for example put, u is pronounced somewhat like "e" as in pinyin "he".

Before two consonants, in some words, for example duck, u is pronounced somewhat like "o" as in pinyin "wo", but with the mouth opened a little wider.
Before one consonant at the end of a word, in some words, for example sun, u is pronounced somewhat like "o" as in pinyin "wo", but with the mouth opened a little wider.

Before a single consonant followed by a vowel, for example June, u is usually pronounced like "u" as in pinyin "tu".

ue For example, blue. ue is usually pronounced like "u" as in pinyin "tu".

ui For example, fruit. ui is often pronounced like "u" as in pinyin "tu".